Psychological Aspects of Genetic Research essays

Mental Aspects of Genetic Research expositions In ongoing news and logical distributions, there has been an extraordinary arrangement written in the region of hereditary exploration. New revelations of approaches to conceivably fix illness or reconstruct life-sparing tissues and organs dependent on this sort of exploration hold extraordinary guarantee. Moreover, this sort of treatment brings up the issue of different applications, especially in the region of dysfunctional behavior and ailments. There have not been many solid discoveries in this field, however certain test research results are intriguing. Tests in this field are on the cutting edge of mental and hereditary exploration. Numerous associations can be made among hereditary qualities and certain mental expressive characteristics or qualities, for example, knowledge, ADHD, schizophrenia, bipolar, misery, hostility, and uneasiness. Huge numbers of these feeling based sicknesses, for example, hyper misery and schizophrenia, can be associated with the serotonin transporter quality (5-HTT) and the 5-HT2c receptor. Another territory of the cerebrum under examination is the myelin sheath about schizophrenia and hyper wretchedness. The cerebrum synthetic Serotonin has been the most up to date focus of medicine known as antidepressants, and medications that manage mind-set adjustment. Another quality that is at present being explored at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland is a solitary quality: Pet-1. This quality directs the creation of serotonin and controls the correspondence between cells. Serotonin levels have recently been demonstrated to impact feeling, learning, memory, and agony discovery. Thes e modest number of neurons can sprinkle serotonin everywhere throughout the mind. That is the reason they have been ensnared in such a large number of mind forms and mental issue. In any case, we know amazingly minimal about them. This is the primary quality we've found to control this, says study creator Evan Deneris, a partner teacher of neuroscience at Case Western. The investigations of the serotonin transporter quality show an unmistakable phenotype of grown-ups mind... <!

Paper on social works theoretical approaches Assignment

Paper on social works hypothetical methodologies - Assignment Example f the principle characters and introducing center of contentions for the situation study, frameworks area starts by clarifying the frameworks point of view and afterward depicting what happens efficiently in the organization, the auxiliary segment begins by clarifying the basic viewpoint and afterward talks about how institutionally installed shameful acts are affecting explicit individuals from the family and the family overall and examining how race, class, sex as well as different mistreatments sway the family’s encounters and their understandings of themselves as well as other people, the network segment starts by clarifying the network point of view and afterward name one social issue that exists in this network and distinguish the underlying drivers of this issue or issue. There are various kinds of hierarchical changes like expectant, receptive, steady, vital and changes through tuning, adjustment, reorientation and diversion and these progressions are inescapable in the association towards which individuals respond in different manners. Expectant changes are the normal changes in the association through arranged and arranged exercises. Responsive changes mean a change made subsequent to meeting a startling circumstance in the association while steady changes occur by method of presenting new subsystems in the association. Vital change is implied an adjustment in the association in consequence of the utilization of the new procedure so as to shape and lead the association the correct way. People respond to these progressions in various manners like in unreasonable positive thinking, feeling stunned on the truth and bearing in the useful manner and the different examples of reacting to the change are going to the correct track, ignoring it, having doub t about the change and purchasing in. hierarchical change or any modification is seen from multiple points of view by the various people. Amy is a multi year experienced educator in the division of social work. She got a kick out of the chance to work in a wellbeing organization

A Word of Warning (Pay Attention)

A Word of Warning (Pay Attention) [Guest Entry from Kelsey Kennedy 12] When I sat down late last April in front of my computer and went through the process of telling MIT that I would, in fact, be attending their school in the fall, I thought I knew what I was getting myself into. MIT is, well, MIT, right? After reading the blogs for years and visiting campus during CPW, I thought I had MIT figured out. Uhh, yeah. Not so much. I mean, reading the blogs and all that certainly helped. There are just a few things I learned this semester that make me wish I had paid a bit more attention when I was warned about them. 1. The weather in Boston is mildly ridiculous. And when I say mildly ridiculous, what I actually mean is incredibly fickle and annoying and COLD. I remember my parents jokingly asking me to consider Stanford a little bit more seriously so they could visit me in a warmer locale than Boston. Unfortunately for them, I am currently sitting in my room in Simmons, and its about 22 degrees outside. Ultimately, weather shouldnt make or break your decision! When I arrived at MIT, I knew it was going to be cold. I had packed my tried-and-true winter gear (a wool coat and an insulated Carhartt jacket) that had kept me warm and toasty back home in Oregon. I remember my first night walking back to Simmons after hosting my radio show at 2:30 AM I dont think Ive ever wanted to get out of the wind more in my life. While my thick, wooly pieces of outerwear had been fine at home, they dont cut it here. Theres one reason why: wind. No matter how thick your jacket may be, or how many sweatshirts you have on, they are no match for the terrible wind that whips through Boston and Cambridge. Im not lying when I say that the best purchase Ive made in the last year is a wind-proof jacket from Eastern Mountain Sports. Now, Im no longer a shivering mass of frozen-ness whenever I go outside. Moral of the story: wind-proof jackets are your friend. 2. You actually need study skills at MIT. Okay, so this is kind of a given. I just dont pick up on this stuff. When I was in high school, I was able to get by without actually having to do work. At the time, it felt like I was doing a lot of homework. Looking back, I rarely used any sort of study skills. Little did I know that would come back to haunt me. Small things add up here. Where you study can make a huge difference, for instance. At the beginning of the semester, I dutifully sat at my desk in my room, or in the study in the hall. After a while, I realized that I was not accomplishing anything it was far too tempting to just sit and socialize. Eventually I learned that if I went to the library and worked in complete silence for several hours straight, I could actually knock out huge chunks of problem sets in one sitting. Im not saying that this is the way to go you certainly have to figure out what works for you. The faster you can determine that, the better off youll be. 3. A social life is important. Work-play balance is actually legitimate! I will admit up front that there were portions of this past semester where I was completely miserable. So miserable that I even uttered the word transfer in a phone conversation with my parents. My dads response was, make sure you schedule in some time to have fun. At first, I didnt really listen I had so many p-sets to finish! After a while, I realized that my dad was on to something. Ice skating, going to the movies, and grabbing lunch or dinner were simple things I started to do with friends that made me dramatically happier. Evidence of this came in many forms: higher p-set grades, increased productivity, never uttering the word transfer again, and happier phone calls home. Sometimes, its too easy to forget that you need to be happy with life in general to be happy with your work, and MIT is a place where this effect seems to be amplified!

Nietzsche on Slave Morality Essay - 727 Words

â€Å"Nietzsche on Judeo-Christian Morality† In Nietzsche’s aphorisms 90-95 and 146-162 he attacks what he believes to be the fundamental basis of the â€Å"slave† morality prevalent in the Judeo-Christian tradition as well as other religions and societies. From the beginning, he distinguishes the two different types of moralities he believes to exist: the â€Å"master morality†, created by rulers of societies, and the â€Å"slave† morality, created by the lowest people in societies. The former stresses virtues of the strong and noble while looking down upon the weak and cowardly. This type of morality, however, is not as widespread as the â€Å"slave morality† that has been adopted by so many religions. Nietzsche looks through the psychology and logic of†¦show more content†¦Is this â€Å"slave morality† really a divine gift from God, or is it just the moral code we expect to come from a historically persecuted lower peo ple? This brings up a big question over the validity of â€Å"slave morality†, as it seems to only exist for protection of the lower people, not for what’s truly good and evil. Also, as Nietzsche brings up, its validity comes from the existence of a God who gave us these morals, something that cannot be proven, so naturally the concept of â€Å"faith† and trusting and believing in these morals and the God who created them would be a prime virtue, and those without it viewed as â€Å"evil† or â€Å"lost†. Nietzsche also brings up a good point in that this morality that comes from historically persecuted people serves to â€Å"tame† men and call it an â€Å"improvement†, which he sees as a bad joke. He believes that this taming reduces our instinctive â€Å"beast† and makes us weaker creatures. He questions if we have really grown more â€Å"moral† over time or if it is just the result of mankind becoming, frankly, big ger â€Å"wusses†. This made me think of movies like Fight Club and Deliverance in that in both movies men seem to be so tame and it is shown to be against our nature. Fight Club in particular focuses on this release of beastliness and return to what is believed to be the way mankind was intended to live. The last critique Nietzsche makes is also one ofShow MoreRelatedExamples Of Nietzsche And Slave Morality713 Words   |  3 PagesNietzsche attempts to redefine in this first essay the idea of good and evil, or more importantly, the different views of good an evil taken by two classes of people. For Nietzsche, these two classes are the master morality and the slave morality. To understand their different views Nietzsche explains the origins of each group. The master morality stems from nobility, the powerful, who considers strength and health, and happiness as all good things. They are those that take life head on, so to sayRead More Beyond Good and Evil: Nietzsches Philosophy on Good and Evil1123 Words   |  5 PagesFriedrich Nietzsche was a philosopher in the 1800’s. His work has since influenced, impacted, and brought forth new questions for many philosophers to follow. One of Nietzsche’s famous writings Beyond Good and Evil expresses his views on society and the two different classes it holds, slave and master. He expresses his belief that the two are in warfare with one another, the strong (master) fighting for the will to power, while the weak (slave) tries to pull the master down to their level using clandestineRead MoreNietzsche: Human, All Too Human973 Words   |  4 PagesNietzsche has had one of the greatest and most profound impacts on philosophy and modern thought. Nietzsche was one of the first existenti alism thinkers who coined the phrase â€Å"God is dead.† In other words, Nietzsche realized that all human beings wrestled with certain difficulties and existentialist in life that is all apart of being human. Many of Nietzsche’s work was determining and distinguishing the desire to know the struggles of life anywhere from ideas, religion, species, science, thoughtRead More Nietzsche: Moving Beyond Good and Evil Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesNietzsche: Moving Beyond Good and Evil We have grown weary of man. Nietzsche wants something better, to believe in human ability once again. Nietzsche’s weariness is based almost entirely in the culmination of ressentiment, the dissolution of Nietzsche’s concept of morality and the prevailing priestly morality. Nietzsche wants to move beyond simple concepts of good and evil, abandon the assessment of individuals through ressentiment, and restore men to their former wonderful ability. Read MoreFriedrich Nietzsche s Influence On Modern Intellectual History And Western Philosophy1559 Words   |  7 PagesFriedman Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, cultural critic, philologist, and a Greek and Latin scholar. His work has had lots of influence on modern intellectual history and Western philosophy in general. It revolved mainly around art, philology, religion and science. He wrote about morality, tragedy, aesthetics, atheism, epistemology and consciousness. However, some of Nietzsche s most profound elements of his philosophy include his powerful critique of reason and truth. He arguedRead MoreThe World s Deepest Thinkers917 Words   |  4 PagesFriedrich Nietzsche is considered one of the Western world’s deepest thinkers because he calls so many things into question. He felt that everyone would benefit greatly by questioning everything. In 1887 he wrote On the Genealogy of Morality to expand on his ideas he expressed through Beyond Good and Evil. On the Genealogy of Morality consists of three different essays that question and critique the value of our moral judgements. The first and the one I will focus on, being ‘Good and Evil’, ‘GoodRead MoreAnimal Morality And Master Morality1595 Words   |  7 Pagesand misunderstood philosophers of all time. Nietzsche begins his ethics with the proposition that there are only two basic types of morality: slave morality and master morality. These types of morality Nietzsche proposes were initially form ed when society was not actually made up of masters and slaves. In a society where masters were completely free and slaves simply had to do whatever their masters said. Based on their respective situations Nietzsche argues these two groups of people came up withRead MoreWhat does Nietzsche’s Mr. Daredevil-Curiosity report, when he metaphorically peers into the1700 Words   |  7 Pages14)? How convincing are his claims? Humanity, according to Nietzsche, is infected by an illness. It is the kind of illness that has infected every single man, religious or non-religious alike. It is his aim to release his readers from the illness. In much the same way as a doctor, he wishes to do so by primarily sourcing the cause of the illness, and secondly by diagnosing it. It is Nietzsche’s belief that this metaphoric illness is morality. It is a striking project; comprised of three essays-Read MoreMaster Morality vs. Slave Morality: Neiztche867 Words   |  4 PagesMaster Morality vs. Slave Morality: Neiztche Wikipedia defines morality as â€Å"a system of principles and judgments based on cultural, religious, and philosophical concepts and beliefs, by which humans determine whether given actions are right or wrong.† (Wikipedia Morality) Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, a German philosopher thought up of the idea that there are two moralities; The master and slave morality. These define a person by there actions to there world around them and how they handle certainRead MoreThe Slave Mortality Presented By Nietzsche In His Genealogy1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe slave mortality presented by Nietzsche in his Genealogy of Morals is prevalent within modern literature. The dark effects of this morality have crept far beyond the general view of the elite class and into our writing. This is not much of a surprise since literature reflects the world and our view of the world within it. Unfortunately, its impact on our society is shown by its prevalence within modern writing. This morality allows the author to focus on the â€Å"evil enemy† (Nietzsche 39) instead

Qnt-351 - 1425 Words

Week-4 Kudler Fine Foods Lawrence Callahan ECO-365 July 31, 2013 Dan Ershadi e I | Kudler Fine Foods is an upscale / specialty gourmet grocery food store catering to high end clientele who are seeking the finer things in life. They opened their doors in June of 1998 and currently have three locations in the San Diego area (La Jolla, Del Mar and Encinitas). Each is about the same size with approximately 8,000 square feet of retail space, each providing the same products. Kudler’s is more expensive than a traditional grocery store, but plan to service a more refined customer found in more upscale areas. They specialize in (All of which are special that Kudler’s uniquely provides): * Baked goods that are baked fresh daily†¦show more content†¦Non-price competition: Kudler’s has recently spent $368,200 on marketing and advertising to promote their products and spends extensive amounts of time monitoring their competition and the products they offer. The advertisement and other selling costs by a Kudler change the demand for their produ cts. Freedom of entry and exit: There is the ability of other firms to enter and exit the gourmet grocery environment, but most new firms would probably have to start out small and would initially be a very limited threat to Kudler. Refer to Table-1 for additional classification factors. This monopolistic competition market structure has a positive effect on Kudler because it allows Kudler and their speciality foods to carve out a niche that the competition will find it hard to enter. Kudler’s market strategy (locations and unique products) should be very effective in keeping out potential competitors and establish a large barrier to competitor entry. Since Kudler’s stores are located in areas with limited populations the ability of competitors to gain entry into their market is limited. Since competitors cannot enter their markets, Kudler should experience long-term profitability providing they keep their customers happy. After reviewing company strengths and weaknesses I have the following Market StrategyShow MoreRelatedQnt 351 Data Collection Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesData Collection QNT/351 Quantitative Analysis for Business Learning Team Assignment: Data Collection Purpose of Assignment The purpose of the Learning Team assignment is acquaint teams with the research study undertaken, purpose of the study, research question, and so on. The team assignment is to complete the first step in data analysis in the following form: 1. Describe the problem, purpose, research questions, and hypotheses 2. Evaluate of the instrument used for data collection Read MoreWeek 3 Team Paper QNT 3511366 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Ballard Integrated Managed Services, Inc. – Summarizing and Presenting Data Team A QNT / 351 May 28, 2015 Dr. Dotti Shelton Ballard Integrated Managed Services, Inc. – Summarizing and Presenting Data Ballard integrated managed services (BIMS) is a contract company at Douglas Medical Center (DMC). The company provides food and hospitality services for both the patients and staff (University of Phoenix, 2015). Lately the moral of the staff has been a huge concern at BIMS due to theRead MoreQNT 351 Week 5 Team Paper1453 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Analyzing and Interpreting Data QNT/351 – Quantitative Analysis for Business Mark Alsakka September 22, 2014 Analyzing and Interpreting Data Introduction A nationwide company, Ballard Integrated Managed Services (BIMS) contracts with large organizations that prefer to focus on their own core competencies and lease support functions to outside vendors. Ballard Integrated Managed Services (BIMS) distinguishes itself in this highly competitive industry by combining several services:Read MoreQnt 351 Final Exam Answers Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesQNT/351 1) The main purpose of descriptive statistics is to A. summarize data in a useful and informative manner B. make inferences about a population C. determine if the data adequately represents the population D. gather or collect data 2) The general process of gathering, organizing, summarizing, analyzing, and interpreting data is called A. statistics B. descriptive statistics C. inferential statistics D. levels of measurement 3) The performance of personal and business investmentsRead MoreQnt 351 Data Collection Essay1338 Words   |  6 PagesData Collection Data is a collection of facts that can be measured or translated. Data may consist of words, numbers, observations, descriptions of things, and measurements. Data may be qualitative or quantitative. â€Å"Qualitative data is descriptive information that describes something. Quantitative data is continuous measurements of numerical information† (Lind, Marchal, Wathen, 2011, p. 9). Data can be collected in many ways but the simplest way is direct observation. Understanding data analysisRead MoreQNT 351 Week 4 Learning Team Reflection Essay816 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Learning Team Reflection QNT/351 Learning Team Reflection Statistics refers to the use of numerical information in everyday life to calculate facts and figures in limitless circumstances. In addition, statistics refers to the scientific collecting, classifying, summarizing, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data. This week the class’s objectives were to apply the steps in testing a research hypothesis, to compare the means of two or more groups, and to calculate the correlationRead MoreStatistics in Business663 Words   |  3 PagesStatistics in Business QNT 351 August, 2012 University of Phoenix What are Statistics? Statistics is the science involved in the application of quantitative principles to the collection, description, interpretation, and presentation of numerical data, as well as the meaning of collected data within the realm of business, and is also commonly used for marketing procedures. Statistics generally deals with the main business elements and the planning process of the data that have been collectedRead MoreEssay on Analyzing and Interpreting Data – BIMS, Inc.1796 Words   |  8 PagesAnalyzing and Interpreting Data – BIMS, Inc. QNT/351 Analyzing and Interpreting Data – BIMS, Inc. Consulting Group – Team D has performed a series of analysis on behalf of the top management of Ballard Integrated Managed Services, Inc (BIMS). These tasks were the result of an emerging trend of attrition and employee dissatisfaction within their organization. The initial actions taken involved data collection that were presented in the form of an internal employee survey. The data collectionRead MoreWeek 41387 Words   |  6 PagesMANAGEMENT (UD) (3.0 credits) 3.0 A Business Capstone PHL/458 CREATIVE MINDS AND CRITICAL THINKING (UD) (3.0 credits) 0.0 C+ Research and Statistics II BUS/475 INTEGRATED BUSINESS TOPICS (UD) (3.0 credits) 3.0 3.0 QNT/351 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR BUSINESS (UD) (3.0 credits) 0.0 3.0 Marketing MKT/421 MARKETING (UD) (3.0 credits) 3.0 B- Finance FIN/370 FINANCE FOR BUSINESS (UD) (3.0 credits) 0.0 3.0 Economics II ECO/365 PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICSRead MoreAnalyzing and Interpreting Data. Essay1164 Words   |  5 PagesAnalyzing and Interpreting Data Jeremy Bellows, Belinda Cooley, Rachael Hartman, Autumn Lettieri, Pilar Williams, Abby Wilson QNT/351 March 11, 2013 Dr. James Gartside Analyzing and Interpreting Data Ballard Integrated Management, Inc., provides support services in the field of housekeeping, maintenance, and food services to a variety of corporations. BIMS has a vast list of clientele which include 22 â€Å"Fortune 100† businesses. These businesses include midsized firms, major universities

Modern Ideas for Treating Epilepsy Free Essays

Introduction Epilepsy is a chronic disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, and is associated with a variety of medical conditions and neurological diseases. â€Å"Antiepileptic medications attempt to treat this chronic seizure propensity, and, by definition, antiepileptogenic drugs aim to prevent the natural history of the epileptic disease† (Raman, Rho, Cavazos, 2004). Epileptic seizures are paroxysmal clinical events arising from neuronal hyperexcitability and hypersynchrony of the cerebral cortex, either locally or simultaneously in both hemispheres. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Ideas for Treating Epilepsy or any similar topic only for you Order Now A seizure occurs when there is a sudden imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory inputs to a network of neurons such that there is overall excessive excitability. The behavioral manifestations of a seizure depend on the area of the area of the cerebral cortex that is involved – directly, in the seizure focus, or indirectly, through recruitment and propagation of this abnormal paroxysmal neuronal activity. Convulsions are defined as seizure that includes motor manifestations such as repeated and rhythmic jerking of the limbs, most often due to involvement of the motor cortex. Anticonvulsant drugs are medications that attempt to compensate for this abnormal cellular hyperexcitability by shifting the delicate balance back toward its normal state. Treatment for Epilepsy Prospective population-based studies have demonstrated that 65-70 per cent of patients attain at least a 5-year remission and that half of these will successfully stop treatment. Thus, the â€Å"long term prognosis of epilepsy is good for most patients with a short history of seizures† (Appleton, 2001). The question arises as to when treatment should be started and when it can be stopped. Prophylactic treatment may be undertaken in patients with a high prospective risk of epilepsy after head injury and craniotomy for various neurosurgical conditions, although no evidence exists that antiepileptic treatment is effective in such cases. â€Å"The main form of treatment for epilepsy is drugs† (Scambler, 1989). The majority of people can be rendered seizure-free by pharmacological mean, although chronic intractable epilepsy develops in approximately 20 per cent of cases. Occasionally surgery may be appropriate for those who have a single discrete focal abnormality and whose seizures have been unresponsive to drug therapy, but the proportion of those with epilepsy likely to benefit from surgery will probably remain small. Sometimes people can learn to control their seizures by avoiding clear precipitants, for example alcohol or lack of sleep. But the large majority requires anti-convulsant medication, often over a period of many years. Five drugs are commonly used for the management of partial and grand mal seizures: phenytoin, carbamazepine, sodium valporate, phenobarbitone and primidone. All show similar therapeutic results, but phenobarbitone and primidone tend to be used less because of their sedative effects.  Unfortunately, other studies have shown the â€Å"high incidence of behavioral side-effects from the treatment† (Là ¼ders, 2001), an important issue when weighing the pros and cons of continuous therapy. These side-effects occur in 40% of treated children and include irritability, hyperactivity, sleep pattern disturbances, and the possibility of diminished intelligence, but its effectiveness has now been questioned. Mephobarbital has the same side effects as Phenobarbital and phenytoin and carbamazepine do not appear to be effective. The potential role for newer antiepileptic drugs such as lamotrigine and gabapentin is unknown.  The Consensus Development Conference on Febrile Seizures attempted to make the best possible recommendations regarding treatment. The panel recommended ‘considering’ continuous anticonvulsant prophylaxis only in the presence of any known high-risk factors. In this basis, only a small percentage of children would require treatment. References: Appleton, R. (2001). Epilepsy (4th ed.). Massachusetts, USA: Informa Health Care. Là ¼ders, H. (2001). Epilepsy: Comprehensive Review and Case Discussions. Great Britain: Informa Health Care. Raman, S., Rho, J. M., Cavazos, J. E. (2004). Epilepsy: Scientific Foundations of Clinical Practice. New York – Basel: Informa Health Care. Scambler, G. (1989). Epilepsy. New Fetter Lane, London: Routledge. How to cite Modern Ideas for Treating Epilepsy, Essay examples

Zero-Based Budget for Local Passenger Transport - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theZero-Based Budget for Local Passenger Transport. Answer: Zero-based budgeting (ZBB) is a technique of accounting where all expenditures must be accounted for every new budget year. The procedure of zero-based budgeting beginnings from a "zero base," and each role in a company is examined for its requirements and expenses. Budgets are then made with all elements in mind for the new budget year, with no thought on whether it is higher or lower than the previous one. Instead of thoughtlessly enhancing the budget by a particular amount and covering the expenses added, the organization can recognize a circumstance where it can choose to manufacture the required part on its own or purchase is from the outside dealer for the final goods. Thus, zero-based budgeting purposes to detect and validate expenses.This paper will discuss the concept of adding 15-20% to a zero-based budget to protect against unforeseen expenditures in depth; this is having extra cash in the budget in case anything goes wrong. It will look at the pros and cons of this concep t (Lubis, Siregar, Fauzi, 2014). The concept of business adding to their zero-based budget a 15-20% increment is done for various reasons. It is done mostly as a way of cushioning it if it goes into crisis during the budget year. When the company decides to take this route, it can end up facing various positives and negatives as a result. The advantages of this concept include, The company will be able to shelter any additional costs they may not have foreseen while doing the budget for that year. Hence they will not have to scramble to find ways to cover the costs as you have the extra money at hand (Callaghan, Hawke, Mignerey, 2014). Another advantage is that when preparing this budget, it will not be as time-consuming as making the zero-based budget as it will not have to go into in-depth details. The extra 15 to 20 % will cover any additional expenses that may come up. Thus this will be easier to understand and have less paperwork while preparing it (Achim, 2014). This concept will also have disadvantages. Some of them include; one is that with a zero-based budget, every cost and expenditure is kept track of and can be justified, but with this extra money it might not be the case anymore. When there is extra money, the funds might get lost and not be explained where it was spent, and as many companies expect money to be spent when budgeted for they will not scrutinize this.Thus it will lead to the establishment of a dangerous culture of embezzlement and corruption (Callaghan, Hawke, Mignerey, 2014). Another disadvantage is that when a department does not use up its budget, it will have it reduced in the next year. Thus they will be wasteful in their spending to avoid this from happening. Another one is that it will lead to departmental managers being lax on reducing expenditure and costs because they have the extra money in the budget to fall back on in case of anything (Chan, 2008). In conclusion, The concept of having a 15 to 20 % increase on a zero-based budget is a reasonable deviation from incremental and zero-based budgeting as it covers most concerns about both of them. Thus, it is the best way for a company to budget. It has both pros and cons, but the advantages far outweigh the negatives. All in all, this is a good budgeting concept. References Achim, S. (2014). Zero-based budget vs. incremental budget in local passenger transport services. Revista de management ?i inginerie economic?,13(1), 77-88. Callaghan, S., Hawke, K., Mignerey, C. (2014). Five myths (and realities) about zero-based budgeting.McKinsey Company, 2, 58-62. Chan, G. R. (2008). Aligning collections budget with program priorities: A modified zero-based approach.Library Collections, Acquisitions, and Technical Services,32(1), 46-52. Lubis, A., Siregar, H. S., Fauzi, S. (2014). A Study on the Different Applications Of Performance-Based Budget And Zero-Based Budget On Regional Task Force Units In North Sumatra.International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research,3(10) 10-16.

The Ideas of Freedom and Slavery in Relation to the American Revolution

The American Revolution of 1765-1783 was developed as the demonstration of the Americans’ desire to become free from the British Empire’s influence and free to choose the path of the country’s democratic development. The Declaration of Independence of 1776 became the proclamation of the Americans’ rights to become independent regarding every aspect of their life.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Ideas of Freedom and Slavery in Relation to the American Revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the problem is in the point that in spite of the fact that during the American Revolution the idea of freedom was declared widely, the concept of freedom developed side by side with the principles of slavery. Thus, it is essential to answer the question about the possibilities of developing these concepts during the American Revolution. Although many Founders discussed the phenomenon of slavery as violating the appeals for freedom and liberty for the Americans, the concepts of slavery and freedom could develop side by side because the Founders did not discuss slaves as equal to ‘whites’, the ideas of freedom and equality stated in the Declaration were interpreted only with the focus on white people, and slavery played an essential role in the states’ economic progress. The idea of freedom or liberty stated in the Declaration of Independence can be considered as the founding principle to build the American society as it was proclaimed by the Founders. From this point, the American Revolution was the organized struggle for the freedom and liberty which were achieved as a result of many losses. Although freedom was the desired condition, to achieve freedom and liberty did not mean to provide that freedom for black slaves. Focusing on pursuing freedom, the Founders hoped to win the liberty only for white people, without concentrating on the need s of blacks. Thus, black slaves could not be discussed as equal to white people to become free after the end of the American Revolution because they were not even discussed as humans. From this perspective, the white Americans focused on fighting for freedom from the British rule, and their efforts were not associated with providing any freedom for black slaves. The achievement of the political freedom and social stability was not associated with the achievement of freedom for lowest social categories. The Declaration of Independence is the main result of the American Revolution, but this document cannot be discussed as granting the equality and liberty for blacks along with the white population of the United States. The Founders’ vision of equality and its relation to slavery as the social phenomenon was far from modern opinions on these concepts because black people were not discussed as humans to have the rights equal with the white people’s rights, but slaves were described only as creatures to rely on God’s will.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Developing the revolution, the Founders focused only on the equality of white people in the American society and on their freedom. In spite of the fact that the Founders criticized the fact of the obvious ‘color dominion’ in the American society, they do not combine the ideas of equality and freedom for whites and blacks. However, there were many Founders and activists who discussed the idea of slavery as violating the norms of free American society. In spite of the fact that they were persistent to promote the ideas on slavery abolition, the representatives of the upper classes from the Southern states focused much on the necessities to develop the institution of slavery because of its economic advantages for the South. Although the American Revolution did not bring freedom for slaves , it is essential to focus on the role of blacks in the war for independence. Thus, slaves contributed significantly to achieving the desired liberty and to developing the ideals of the democratic society for whites. Slaves were actively used in military activities to attack the enemy and to protect the lands. Many blacks served in the Continental army to contribute to the further victory of the Americans. The participation in the military activities guaranteed the desired freedom for many slaves because of their contribution to the progress of the American Revolution. However, the process had the negative consequences. The example of those slaves who were manumitted because of participating in the revolutionary activities inspired thousands of the other blacks who used the opportunity to escape from plantations. Nevertheless, in many cases, the revolution did not bring any sign of freedom for the majority of slaves. The ideas of freedom and slavery were developed side by side becau se slavery was the important condition to contribute to the economic progress of the Southern states. Plantation owners used the work of slaves widely, and it was almost impossible for them to refuse using the free work of blacks. In spite of the fact that slavery was discussed as the unhealthy element observed in the American society, few reforms and changes were proposed to change the situation because the economic advantages were obvious, and the Southern plantation owners did not want to risk under the impact of the problematic situation within the society. On the one hand, slavery was considered as the necessary condition to improve the American economy and to influence the development of the Southern states’ politics and society. Many economists agreed that the abolition of slavery could lead to irreversible consequences for the economic development of the South because of its weak economic structure based mainly on the work of slaves.Advertising We will write a cu stom essay sample on The Ideas of Freedom and Slavery in Relation to the American Revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, the institution of slavery was discussed as the controversial phenomenon which can become threatening to the white people because of many difficulties associated with controlling the constantly increasing number of blacks in the Southern states. Those black persons who received freedom after participating in the war and those who tried to run away from their plantation owners were discussed as the significant force which was ready to oppose the whites’ authority. However, these problems were not discussed by the Founders in their connection with the necessity to abolish slavery because the concept of freedom was interpreted only in the context of the white people’s rights. The ideals of freedom and slavery were developed during the American Revolution without affecting each othe r because the Founders refused accepting the idea of the necessary slavery abolition. The institution of slavery was the fundament for the economic development of the Southern states. Moreover, the Founders were not ready to accept the idea of the blacks’ equality to whites. All the statements associated with the equality and freedom found in the Declaration of Independence discussed Americans as God’s creatures, but not as equal white and black persons. That is why the idea of freedom proclaimed by the Founders did not contradict with the institution of slavery supported in the American society. This essay on The Ideas of Freedom and Slavery in Relation to the American Revolution was written and submitted by user Dario Spears to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Strategic Issues in Human Resource Management Essays

Strategic Issues in Human Resource Management Essays Strategic Issues in Human Resource Management Essay Strategic Issues in Human Resource Management Essay Summary It was made clear in the abstract of the study that this study investigates Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRUB). SHRUB is vital in this day and age, especially in the decision making realm. Recently, a large number of Macs have emerged in Asia with a high concentration coming from China and India. This article explores the extent of integrated SHRUB of non-western, a third world and an emerging country India. Compare with China, Indian Macs are more private-owned and focus on energy-related industries such as information technology (IT). In the introduction, Moan states plainly that competitive advantages in the India IT industry are developed in a unique way. They focus on skills, technology, management knowledge and quality and scale of production (Piranha 2005; Thee and Disgusts 2011), especially from service instead of technology revolutions and manufacturing. It is in a range with low cost and average technology quality. With a strong and integrated IT development in India, Moan has chosen a top global multinational enterprise Alpha Computers as a case study in this article. It mentioned the key elements in terms of SHRUB philosophy, most common immunization tool metrics, standardized policies and practices to enhance its competitive advantage and keep its intellectual capital. For instance a remuneration and reward system with fixed and performance pay, all staffs (including low level staffs) have to be inducted into HER roles and responsibilities and in leadership development, managers concern what employees think and as they assessed on associate delight index. On the other hand, a common challenge: a well balance of control and coordination between the headquarters and subsidiaries. It suggests hat a polytechnic approach with best practices in a global multinational firm. Critical Commentary The purpose of this study was meaningful and interesting in that discovering the best human resources management strategies within the top Indian IT multinational Tell Alpha. As most AT teen Test unman resources management literatures are based in western countries. This study helps readers know more about how one of the developing countries India to stand at 38% in FED stock (Piranha 2005; Thee and Disgusts 2011). The secret of Alphas strategies lies upon its philosophy, policies ND practices to become a top global IT firm. Introduction The purpose of the study was made clear in the introduction, people who reads the article would understand the overall purpose and the method of the study. At the end of the introduction, it went through the flow of article. Therefore, readers have clear mind steps about the study. The method in the study Moan used an appropriate method and study design to find answers for the problems of the study. Data was collected using fifteen in-depth interviews with business and HER leaders of the organization in one developed country the USA and another developing country China. However, while Alpha has its operation in over 44 countries and around 45,000 employees; therefore, it is not objective enough as the in-depth interviews have involved two countries with eight business and seven HER leaders only. It did not use different ways for collecting date to get more valid and accurate data for the study, it may reduce the true results and increase the interference of chance. Global HER policies and practices This study did not have any references to support its point upon global HER policies ND practices a key challenge for Ones remuneration and reward system. Moreover, the sample used in this part only one challenge and only one HER policy under remuneration and reward management is an extremely small sample size and leads to question the true accuracy of the result of the study. Moan mentioned that Alpha tries to keep a solid and consistent organizational structure through its global network, however some oversea managers think the controlling power in India is more centric than global. The study did not explain what made the managers think in this way. Discussion The study has highlighted the critical elements of organizational capabilities in Alpha with suggesting what approach a global firm in advanced countries should use. Moreover, teen advantages Ana Lastingness AT Manila multinational Tells nave shown as well. This is something which increases the clearance of the study. It also points out the limitation of this study lack of data collected by low level employee but senior leader only which affect the reliability. Implications for HER manager High performance high involvement work practice HER practices directly influences competitive advantages and organizational reference. Organizations have to adjust and customize the HER practices to provide fast and efficient service. Let the employees feel the firm is committed to them by such as continuous training and chances to get involved with challenging work (Thee 2004). Think like COOS The study pointed out that Alpha try their best to make every employee to act like and to achieve to be the CEO of their work, it can keep people and achieve their full potential. They will be expected to run their business, make a person to reach the maximum motivation its always about a sense of achievement or intrinsic motivators such as if they find their enjoyable and interesting. They will naturally want to get involved in it. In contrast, extrinsic factors such as material rewards and monetary rewards would be less interesting and motivating than intrinsic factors to employees. To be think like Coos, Alpha use the most common communication tool Metrics with five outcome measures and six built measures which take consideration of both hard and soft sides of the Job. At Alpha, everyone wants to get a better Job as their reward. That meaner to take more responsible, to get more involved in their Job. This can push ND empower employees who are capable doing surprising things to provide their talent completely. Global HER policies and practices Multinational enterprises are facing a lot of challenges, one of the key challenges is to keep a well degree and level of control and coordination between the headquarters and subsidiaries. To achieve an integrated and balanced relationship, it requires standardization of skills and knowledge, standardization of work processes and standardization of HER policies and practices (as explained as below). A standardized of HER policies and practices is always needed to a NC.

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PORTFOLIO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PORTFOLIO - Essay Example Nevertheless, a significant proportion of the individuals makes efforts and meets several personal and professional targets with the passage of time. However, there appears to be very small proportion of the individuals which establishes glorious aims, related to personal, social and financial aspects, and hits the bull’s eye within shortest span of time. Such persons are the leaders of their society, and the world looks at them with great admiration and envy, and feels pride in affiliating with them in one way or the other; Socrates, Sophocles, Aristotle, Aquinas, Sir William Shakespeare, Karl Marx, Karl Jung, Robert Owen, Bill Gates and Sir Richard Branson are few names in the long list of the most successful persons, who altered the thoughts and structure of their society by dint of their exceptional talent, ironed will and magnificent accomplishments. Hence, devising of high aims and working day-in and day-out to achieve the same is the order of the day to earn respect, fa me and pecuniary gains in this age of perfect competition. â€Å"Many persons†, Keller submits, â€Å"have a wrong idea of what constitutes true happiness. It is not attained through self-gratification but through fidelity to a worthy purpose.† (1903, p. 31) Like every human being, I have also drawn the road map of personal and professional goals in life. The canvas of my aims is not confined to one specific field; on the contrary, I have divided the same into educational, technical and occupational categories. I had received my primary and middle education from my native country. On passing my O levels examination from the native town, I dreamed of proceeding to the UK in order to seek higher education. Since I have been highly technical-minded since my childhood, I aimed to perform something extraordinary in the field of computer sciences. Actually my loving parents wanted me to stay close to their eyes; they resisted my plans of leaving the country initially. Howeve r, on finding me extremely ambitious to perform something in life, they supported me with their consent and hearties wishes regarding my plan to set out for the UK. â€Å"The latest THE-QS World University Rankings show four UK universities in the top 10 of the world's best. QS Top Universities finds out which universities they are. Cambridge, Oxford, Imperial and UCL - they're the names of the UK's top universities according to the 2008 THE-QS World University Rankings.† (Quoted in topuniversities.com) Since I am not that sort of person that changes his plans swiftly, I always ponder on various aspects of my ambitions, and they it appear to be practicable, I stick to them without displaying any wavering in this respect for the future years to come. Thus, on arriving in the UK, I got admission in A levels, which I passed two years after my stay in the UK. I knew it very well that I should not put extraordinary financial burden of my studies and daily expenditures on my parent s. Consequently, I applied for job at B&A Repair Centre, London against the position of trainee mechanic. My superiors paid due heed on me, and within six month of

Policy, Power and Politics in Health Care Essay

Policy, Power and Politics in Health Care - Essay Example People are presently refusing the vaccine which is necessary in preventing a large outbreak and it will need to be made mandatory. There are also specific things such as wearing a mask in caring for all patients that will need to be done to protect our healthcare workers. This new policy will need to occur immediately in order to protect the greatest number of people. The World Health Organization reports that 414 countries and overseas territories or communities have reported laboratory confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2012, (fluthreat) including over 177,798 deaths. The global total number of fatalities has increased by 2047 since the previous update just one month ago. This is a increasingly virulent outbreak of a mutated virus. There are also more outbreaks of SARS and Avian influenza (health.gov) Together there have been over one million deaths. Many experts are tying the increasing numbers of outbreaks to the increasing amount of heat in the summer with the last four years being the hottest summers on record and the expectation that with global warming there will continue to be an increase. H1N1 is pandemic in Asia, Europe, The Americas, Africa, and the South Pacific and there have been reports of small outbreaks in all other countries (WHO). H5N1 or Bird Flu started by affecting birds and being transmitted between birds. In the past it affected mostly water birds and domestic birds such as chickens. In the beginning, almost all human cases were from exposure to domestic birds being raised by those people but there are now reports of this virus being transmitted between humans (Poutanen, Low, & Henry, 2003). It is expected that this will be a new human influenza pandemic this fall. SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (SARS) is a global (Cameron, Rainer, & Smit, 2003).phenomenon that is getting worse fast. It is

Juliet Mitchells Application Of Psychoanalytic Theory English Literature Essay

Juliet Mitchells Application Of Psychoanalytic Theory English Literature Essay This piece will examine Mitchells essay, by critically analyzing the feminine narrative in psychoanalysis influenced by the Bakhtinian concept of the carnival, applying the hysteric to women in the early novel, the application of the symbolic in defining an alternative universe, and briefly discussing Wuthering Heights. Firstly, Mitchells foremost point is that on feminine narrative in psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is the practice of investigating the way ones mind works, and then using it as a method of treatment to cure various psychological or emotional ailments. The patient recounts certain incidents affecting their psyche. The psychoanalyst is then able to offer a solution to the incident. Through analysis of incidents affecting the patient, the psychoanalyst applies the respective theory and, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦intrudes, disrupts, offers the anarchic carnival back into that historyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Ibid, 426) The carnival referred to here is that of the Bakhtinian notion of deception. Mikhail Bakhtin states that in every level of society, deception is at play where there are multiple levels of power and resistance at work. These forces of deception are what allow people in a society to, put on masks and play certain roles.  [1]  Thus, because of this deceptive nature of communication, any form of action in society is never constant, always being in a state of flux. Mitchell mentions this flux in her statement where she says, What can you do but disrupt a history, and re-create it as anotherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦?(Ibid, pg. 426) What Mitchell means here is that there is already an alteration of events, through multiple retellings of ones history. However, when Bakhtins carnivalesque element is put into play, the history of the patient is not only replaced with an alternate one, but also that there is no single correct form of history present. With the elements involving a patients history being always in a state of flux, the disruption and creation of multiple histories is imminent. Now if one adds the element of femininity, the issue becomes even more complex. If there is a disruption of history at play, what happens to a woman speaking about her issues, in a phallocentric setting? Mitchell is concerned about the effect that a male-oriented language has on a female subject. If there is already so much disruption in the shaping of ones history, then for a woman it becomes a momentous task to express herself freely in a society that has been shaped according to the norms of men. Also, if the woman subject is being studied by a woman analyst, the analysis becomes even more questionable. Both women have been bred in a society ad hering to the rules of the male. This means, that the method of communication and also of expression then strictly falls into the realm of the male. A woman attempting to understand her own history is thwarted by the loss of true communication in the feminine sense. Secondly, Mitchell explains the plight of a woman attempting to create her own history, by looking into the involvement of women in the early period of the novel. Here as well, women were attempting to carve a niche into an ultimately male dominated realm. This was quite successfully done with the advent of the novel during the seventeenth century, where a vast majority of the authors were women. The introduction of women writers was further accentuated by the very essence of their actions. It was radical enough that women were beginning to express themselves, but it was another thing altogether that they were doing this through the medium of writing. In doing so, they were successfully creating, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦what critics today call the subject in process. (Ibid, 426) Thus, Mitchell explains that in order for women to establish a history, they were doing so by expressing during a state of flux. Here something akin to psychoanalytic practice is at work, where the subject is consciou sly able to re-create a history of herself. According to Mitchell, in the midst of a rising bourgeoisie wrought under the clutches of capitalism, a womans life was constrained to, Domesticity, personal relations (Ibid, 426) One facet of a womans history is preset. But, there is a conscious endeavour to write another form of history; this time it is written from the perspective of the woman. This is not a form of history replicated in the midst of a therapy session in a psychoanalysts office. Here the woman subject is in control of shaping her own history. As Mitchell further illustrates, The novel is that creation by the woman of the woman or by the subject who in the process of becoming womanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. (Ibid, 426) The subject, being the woman, is able to understand the numerous difficulties of the subject of her work which is also the woman, therefore successfully being able to express her concerns. By expressing oneself during a transitional time-frame, in this case during the creation of the bourgeois class, the woman is defining her qualities, her abilities and her boundaries, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦where women are, why women have to write the novel, the story of their own domesticity, the story of their own seclusion within the homeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Ibid, 426) In doing so, the woman is classifying herself within a given domain, but she is doing so based on the constraints imposed on her by the patriarchal element, thus the Bakhtinian concept of deception. The woman is expressing, but with a mask of social hindrance, further limiting the effectiveness of her message. This is further proved by Mitchells discussion of the discourse of the hysteric. The phenomenon of the hysteric is where the woman accepts and rejects the organization of sexuality under a patriarchal realm. As Mitchell further clarifies, there does not exist, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a thing as female writing, a womans voice. There is the hysterics voice which is the womans masculine languageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Ibid, 426) Again, here the Bakhtinian ideology is at work. The woman knows that she must talk in a masculine voice, thus the woman consciously constructs her argument within the framework of a phallocentric world. Thus, there is a deceptive nature to her presentation, but it is all the more necessary in gaining a patriarchal audience that is willing to listen. In addition to this, Mitchell further clarifies the hysteric using the moment of the symbolic. The moment of the symbolic according to the Lacanian school of thought is, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦where sexuality is constructed as meaningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦what was not symbolized, becomes organizedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Ibid, pg. 428) Before a child is made aware of the sexual hierarchy in a patriarchal setting, the atmosphere is that of the carnival. Moreover, before the child is aware of a phallic presence, it is only concerned with the presence of the mother. The mother is a source of nourishment and satisfaction and the child sees no other. The child is free of notions of gender definitions and borders for the respective sexes. This is known as the pre-Oedipal, where between the duration of three to five years, there are libidinal and ego development.  [2]  Freud simply states that the transitioning period is when the child is aware of the male member, At the point in which the phallus is found to be missing in the mother, masculinity is set up as the normà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Ibid, 428) Further defined in the Lacanian model, the child is made aware of a phallic presence that is dominating, and also is made aware of the further responsibilities of the mother that are not just limited to the child, but also to the dominant male figure in the family. According to Lacan, the father figure is introduced in a symbolic sense through the medium of language, where communication and expression is that of a phallocentric nature. Having made aware of two poles of sexuality, the carnival is replaced by the point of organization. At this point, because the child is also increasingly acquiring the ability to communicate, it inevitably takes on the essence of a phallocentric means of communication. Now, one has to be careful in discerning the role that a woman plays in this largely patriarchal construct. Mitchell states that one cannot have the oedipal, without the pre-oedipal, where the former represents an ordered sexual hierarchy and the latter represents a space without any frontiers and constraints, i.e. carnival. These two concepts are complementary of each other, because without one the other cannot function. It is only possible for the child to realize gender constraints, having experienced a state of the pre-Oedipal. Likewise, it is only possible for a woman to yearn for the carnival, having been constrained to the domain of the church and all the constricting forces at work that accompany this controlling body. Therefore, Mitchell claims that one cannot yearn for a pre-Oedipal, carnivalesque setting in present society, because the carnival and the church are already deeply ingrained in the conscious of every individual. She further explains that, You cannot choose the imaginary, the semiotic, the carnival as an alternative to the symbolicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Ibid, 428) A feminist who wants to have her body of work accepted in the symbolic, and organized structure, cannot give an alternative of a society lacking social constraints. She further elaborates that since feminism has been defined in a phallocentric setting, the means to reach an alternative symbolic universe is by working within the given space that the pre-Oedipal and the Oedipal share. This is parallel to her discussion of the female novelist and her need to be hysteric in order to gain acceptance. Mitchell illustrates an effective alternative symbolic universe, by using the example of Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights. The novel is clearly a critique of the symbolic, but is far more effective because it works within a male-oriented language. Bronte was published under a male pseudonym, which gave her work an even better stronghold in the reading male populace. Bronte is able to criticize the clichà ©d romantic gentleman Lockwood possessing characteristics of a fierce exterior and heart of gold, as being, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a foppish gentlemanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦who think he loves all the things the romantic gentleman is supposed toà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Ibid, 429) Because she is male, she is not outright rejected for her portrayal. Furthermore, the story of Catherine has a hysteric tone to it. Catherine loves Heathcliff, but cannot take pleasure from it, having already been imposed of the patriarchal constraint on her. Heathcliff is introduced by the father as a sibling to her, and is therefore a forbidden fruit. The Oedipal is at play here where clear cut gender definitions have been drawn. Continuing in the patriarchal tradition, Catherine marries Edgar Linton, Edgar provides an illusion of complimentarity. (Ibid, 429) However, holding true to the hysteric tradition, in the end Bronte rejects this relationship by killing Catherine. Here Brontes ability to question the patriarch is the strongest. By deliberately killing Catherine, Bronte asks if whether the only way a woman can acquire her needs is by simply ceasing to exist. She doesnt have a choice but either to follow, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the hysterics ambiguous choice into a femininity which doesnt workà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Ibid, 429), this pertains to Catherine mar rying someone not of her choice. The other option is to finally be united with Heathcliff, after suffering death, which is very much an ineffective state. In conclusion, Mitchells essay effectively brings together her four primary concerns: literature, gender politics, psychoanalysis and feminism. In doing so she is successfully able to draw parallels between the limited ability of a woman under a patriarchal construct to the complex machinations of a pre and post Oedipal affected society. In order to encompass a wholesome argument, instead of a radical feminine approach, Mitchell suggests an alternative symbolic universe, where while simultaneously working within the borders of a phallocentric society, a woman is still able to express her femininity.

Cross-Linguistic and Cross-Cultural Identity Essay

I grew up in a country whose native language is not English. But I grew up learning the English language nevertheless. In my home, we had access to English shows which I was constantly exposed to at a very young age. This is the reason why I learned English without much conscious effort. The language learning was taking place within the sub-conscious, which is the best way to learn any language: constant exposure at a very young age. Mei-Yu (1998, paragraph 2) once said that in the acquisition of oral language, â€Å"young children are active agents†, constantly refining and defining the inputs that they get from their surroundings in way that makes sense to them. Children create hypotheses about language rules, constantly filtering them through active engagement with the more competent language users in their immediate environment. Unconsciously, they learn to recognize contexts and begin acquiring fine discrimination in their use of a language. Looking back, I guess the constant exposure to the English language is the reason why I grew up knowing how to use it. There was never a conscious effort on my part to use or learn English, because it was already ingrained in my person. The people in my household knew English and spoke it on many occasions. I also had access to English books which strengthened my phonological awareness or sound-symbol relationships. This happened side by side while I was learning my mother language as well. As a child with a facility for the English language, I was subject to an excess of attention that I would not have received otherwise, had I just spoken our native tongue and nothing else. There is a prestige attached to the English language that makes people in my country take a second look and listen closely to what I have to say. They also make speculations as to whether my family is reach and if I grew up in the United States or have been travelling there on a regular basis. Such is the high stature of the English language in my country that if you speak it well enough, most people that you are rich or your family is. Growing up, my situation as a multi-lingual was even more fascinating. Perhaps it was because as I grew older, I became more aware of people’s actuations, and I am also more able to discern their motivations for why they act the way they do towards me. In my country there is a fascination for the English language because there is a fascination for the country. My people look at the United States as magical place where dreams come true, and life is generally better. To them, it seems like those who can speak the English language have greater chances of going to the United States as well. This general notion extends in every situation. That is why in every conversation where my ability to speak the English language is displayed, people seem to treat me better and pay me more attention. Sometimes, in order to avoid embarrassment, I hide my fluency in English when interacting with my community. Clearly, there is an overt favor towards those who speak the language, as if we are better than the rest of the local people. This is consistently true in all areas of endeavors, from school to social, to professional career. It is a sad situation, but true nevertheless, and I used my fluency in English and strive to make more of myself, in order to meet society’s expectations. Sometimes it can be difficult, trying to rise up to expectations, but I felt that it was my duty to do so, especially for those who sincerely believed that I could. The situation changed when I moved to the United States. If you are multi-lingual, you are regarded as ethnic, especially if your pronunciation has a very thick and recognizable accent. You will be subject to stereotyping, and in some cases, be even regarded as second class citizens. While I am not saying that everyone will react negatively to your accent or your use of your mother language, it is a reality that there are some people who will take it against you. If there is any field that multilingualism is always an advantage, and that is in the corporate world. This is especially true in the age of globalism, where most companies deal with overseas transactions. Being multilingual means that I can communicate with my colleagues, and at the same time be able to communicate with a client or supplier who speaks my mother tongue, but nothing else. Thus, I am able to bridge the communication gap and make sure that there will be no misunderstandings and conflict later on because of the language barrier. Actually, upon deeper reflection, I realize that people do not react to your multilingualism as much as they are reacting to the accent or how you speak the English language. The lesser your accent, the better people regard you. And this is true regardless or what place you are in. What we speak and how we speak, speak about our history as an individual. How we speak makes a statement towards who we are as a person. And people, for better or for worse, react to that. In an era of increasing globalization, more and more people want to learn English to make themselves more marketable and competitive. However, the value of the mother tongue should never be forgotten. Our mother language keeps our identity intact and sets us apart from the rest. Knowing English is the ship that will help us to get where we want to go, but it is our mother tongue that will be our anchor; the one that will help us find our way should we get lost. Reference Lu, Mei-Yu. (1998). Language Learning in Social and Cultural Contexts. ERIC Digest. Retrieved: April 14, 2007 from http://www. ericdigests. org/1999-2/language. htm

Rate of return

Depending on the facts and circumstances involved In a particular research and development arrangement, true payments by the entity to the other parties ostensibly for royalties or to purchase the partnership's interests in or to obtain the exclusive rights to the research and development results might actually be any of the following: * a. The settlement of a borrowing ; b. The purchase price of an asset * c. The royalties for the use of an asset.The financial reporting of an entity that is a party to a research and development arrangement should represent faithfully what It purports to represent and should not subordinate substance to form. † Without specific guidance and this as a launching point we need to look at this transaction and really see what's going on. From the agreement presented in the case this Is what I have been able to cull out of the extreme ambiguity.The first piece of the agreement we should comb over Is the future royalties to be received by PIE from the sales of an established Pharmacy drug for a defined period of time. An established drug in the market has reasonably estimable future cash flows. I. E†¦ Pilfer could predict with reasonably certainty sales of Vicarage this year. Thus, PIE Is constructively lending Pharmacy money now, with repayment of the borrowing coming in the form of royalties for a defined period of time.Lending money with recurring repayments of that principal over a defined period of time is essentially a bond. That Is also what Is going on here. The question is how much is PIE lending Pharmacy? If we accept that the future royalties associated with Pharmacy existing drug are reasonably estimable and for a defined period of time, we can do some math and discount the future cash flows and apply an appropriate return for similar debt Instruments' cash flows to arrive at exactly how much of Pep's money to Pharmacy Is constructive lending.The number we arrive at for the constructive lending would be recorded as a note receivable (or more specific verbiage could be used) for PIE and a payable for Pharmacy in the form of a royalty payable to satisfy lending obligation. Now, as Pharmacy proceeds with their best efforts in developing drug X, and the amount of cumulative cash PIE has Infused Into Pharmacy at each threshold exceeds the amount previously quantified as constructive lending we have a new situation. The money is no longer lending, so what is it?ACS 730-20-25-8 states: â€Å"To the extent Tanat ten Atlanta rills escalate Walt n ten research Ana development NAS Eden transferred because repayment of any of the funds provided by the other parties depends solely on the results of the research and development having future economic benefit, the entity shall account for its obligation as a contract to perform research and development for others. † If we look from Pep's point of view, they inserted the future royalties of the existing drug into the agreement as a guaranteed retur n of some of their invested capital.We can assume the PEE fund isn't incompetent and understand that up to a certain investment point, presumably to the same dollar amount of expected cash flows from the existing drug royalties they are entitled to, they can't say that a return on investment drug X is more likely than not. However, once they start giving their incremental investments beyond the constructive lending amount we quantified earlier I think it is safe to say PIE sees a return on drug X as probable. So, PIE would need to record any cash sent to Pharmacy beyond the constructive lending amount as an investment, Just as any other investment is recorded.They would need to be wary of impairment, perhaps, more so than other forms of investment, but this is strictly now an investment in Pharmacy. For Pharmacy, as stated in ACS 730-20-25-8 above, now has an obligation to perform research and development in the amount of any cash provided by PIE in excess of the constructive lendin g portion of the agreement. As we saw in ACS 730-20-05-9 at the top of this analysis of the agreement, there is an extreme amount of supposition involved in these types of R&D agreements and the code says they need to be accounted for with the substance of the transaction above the form.I believe the aforementioned constructive lending portion and investment portion of the agreement satisfy the substance of the arrangement best under the circumstances presented. Also, the code itself seems to recognize its lack of ability to clearly delineate the proper accounting treatment and throws us a nice blanket piece of code to ensure the proper disclosure of the agreement in the form of 730-20-50-1 stating, â€Å"An entity that under the provisions of this Subtopic accounts for its obligation under research and development arrangement as a contract to perform research and development for others shall disclose both of the following: * a.The terms of significant agreements under the research and development arrangement (including royalty arrangements, purchase provisions, license agreements, and commitments to provide additional funding) as of the date of each balance sheet presented * b. The amount of compensation earned and costs incurred under such contracts for each period for which an income statement is presented. † This Just means the agreement needs to be disclosed on both ends.

Shoreline Assessment And Lake Management - 2730 Words

Shoreline Assessment and Lake Management Lakes face several problems, however, some of which stand out include Eutrophication as well as Shoreline development, which happens in consequence to eroision. Both of these processes are constantly at work, these problems are created by either natural forces or even by humans. Eutrophication is the addition of minerals into lake water, these minerals include Nitrogen, as well as Phosphorous. It is said that warmth and light both affect the overall process of eutrophication. The process of eutrophication occurs only in certain lakes, however the perfect chemistry must be present. It can be said that several lakes around developed areas go through â€Å"cultural eutrophication† this can be better†¦show more content†¦Shorelines, the narrow strips of land located along body of water. These areas are also transition zones where land and water meet to create unique and highly efficient ecosystems. Shorelines are valuable resources that provide numerous social, economic and environmental aid. For example, shoreline ecosystems help purify water by filtering out sediment and trapping pollutants, including fertilizer and pesticide residues and absorbing excess nutrients from both natural and human sources that increase by human interaction . Shore lines also stabilize and protect the shores from erosion through presence of vegetation and limit flooding by absorbing water by creating buffer sediments. The littoral zone, extends from the depth to which sunlight can penetrate all the way on shore to a distance from 10-20 meters, depending on the slope. This zone supports and contains up to 90% of the life in a water body.( Schelenz, 2002) Shoreline development, and other aspects (FIX THIS) To further understand shoreline one must first understand the different types of shorelines. Shoreline classified in to four categories; however, in doing so we must consider both human and natural impacts. Ornamental shorelines are areas that have been developed to focus on the shore’s aesthetical look and industrial value, with little attention to ecological consequences. There